417 entries
AML/CFT Compliance Officerकार्यान्वयन अधिकारी (सम्पत्ति शुद्धीकरण निवारण)The compliance officer is the management-level official who heads a bank's AML/CFT unit, ensures compliance with the law and NRB directives, and sends suspicious transaction reports to the FIU.Risk & ComplianceAccount Openingखाता खोल्ने प्रक्रियाThe process of establishing a deposit relationship: identifying and verifying the customer under KYC rules, choosing the account type, recording the specimen signature and mandate, and activating the account.Deposits & AccountsAccount Payee Chequeएकाउन्ट पेयी चेक (खातामा मात्र)A crossed cheque marked "account payee" (खातामा मात्र), which the bank may pay only by crediting the account of the person named as payee.Cheques & InstrumentsAccrual Basis of Accountingप्रोदभावी लेखा आधारUnder the accrual basis, income is recorded when earned and expenses when incurred, regardless of when cash is received or paid.Profitability & Financial AnalysisAcquiring Bankप्राप्तकर्ता बैंकAn acquiring bank is the bank that contracts with merchants to accept card and digital payments, provides terminals or gateways, and credits the merchant with the sale proceeds.Payments & Digital BankingActual and Available Balanceवास्तविक र उपलब्ध मौज्दातActual (ledger) balance is the total amount recorded in an account; available balance is the part the customer can actually withdraw or spend right now after holds, uncleared items and required minimum balance are deducted.Banking BasicsAdditional Tier 1 CapitalAT1अतिरिक्त प्राथमिक पुँजीPerpetual, subordinated capital instruments that are not common equity but can absorb losses while the bank is a going concern, counted in Tier 1 alongside CET1.Capital & BaselAdvance Payment GuaranteeAPGअग्रिम भुक्तानी जमानतAn advance payment guarantee is a bank guarantee that secures an advance paid by a buyer or employer to a supplier or contractor, so the advance can be recovered if the work is not performed.Forex & Trade FinanceAgency Bankingएजेन्सी बैंकिङDelivery of basic banking services through third-party agents (business correspondents) appointed by a bank, such as local shops or cooperatives, instead of through the bank's own branch.Banking BasicsAgricultural Development Bank LimitedADBLकृषि विकास बैंक लिमिटेडAgricultural Development Bank Limited is a Class A commercial bank, majority owned by the Government of Nepal, whose main objective is institutional credit to raise agricultural production and productivity.InstitutionsAir WaybillAWBएयरवे बिलAn air waybill is a transport document issued by an airline or its agent for air cargo, serving as a receipt for goods and evidence of the contract of carriage, but not as a document of title.Forex & Trade FinanceAnti-Money Laundering and Combating the Financing of TerrorismAML/CFTसम्पत्ति शुद्धीकरण निवारण तथा आतङ्ककारी कार्यमा वित्तीय लगानी निवारणAML/CFT is the set of laws, institutions and controls that prevent criminals from disguising illegal proceeds and stop funds from reaching terrorists or weapons proliferators.Risk & ComplianceAny Branch Banking Service (ABBS)ABBSजुनसुकै शाखा बैंकिङ सेवा (एबीबीएस)A facility that lets a customer deposit, withdraw or transfer money from any branch of the same bank, not only the branch where the account was opened.Banking BasicsAsia/Pacific Group on Money LaunderingAPGएसिया प्यासिफिक ग्रुप अन मनी लाउन्डरिङThe APG is the FATF-style regional body for the Asia-Pacific region whose members commit to implement international AML/CFT standards and undergo mutual evaluations.InstitutionsAsset Liability CommitteeALCOसम्पत्ति दायित्व व्यवस्थापन समितिA management committee in a bank that reviews liquidity, funding, interest rates and balance-sheet risks and decides on corrective steps.LiquidityAsset Liability ManagementALMसम्पत्ति दायित्व व्यवस्थापनThe coordinated management of a bank's assets and liabilities, mainly their maturities, interest rate sensitivity and currencies, to control liquidity risk and interest rate risk while protecting earnings.LiquidityAuction of Collateralधितो लिलामीAuction of collateral is the public sale of a defaulting borrower's pledged or mortgaged property by the bank to recover the unpaid loan.Loans & CreditAudit Committeeलेखापरीक्षण समितिThe audit committee is a board committee of non-executive directors that oversees a bank's financial reporting, internal control, internal audit and the work of external auditors.Risk & ComplianceAutomated Teller MachineATMस्वचालित टेलर मेसिनAn ATM is a self-service machine that lets bank customers withdraw cash and perform basic transactions without a teller.Payments & Digital BankingBalance SheetवासलातA balance sheet is a statement of an entity's assets, liabilities and equity at a specific date.Profitability & Financial AnalysisBalance of PaymentsBoPशोधनान्तर स्थितिThe balance of payments is a systematic record of all economic transactions between a country's residents and the rest of the world over a period.Forex & Trade FinanceBalance of Tradeव्यापार सन्तुलनThe balance of trade is the difference between the value of a country's exports and imports of goods over a period.Forex & Trade FinanceBancassuranceबैंकास्योरेन्सAn arrangement in which a bank sells an insurance company's policies to its customers, acting as a corporate agent, and earns commission.Banking BasicsBank GuaranteeBGबैंक जमानतA bank guarantee is a bank's undertaking to pay a specified amount to a beneficiary if the bank's customer (the applicant) fails to perform an obligation.Forex & Trade FinanceBank Rateबैंक दरThe rate at which NRB provides standing liquidity to banks and financial institutions; it forms the upper bound of the interest rate corridor and is the reference for NRB penalties.Monetary Policy & NRBBank Reconciliation StatementBRSबैंक हिसाब मिलान विवरणA statement prepared to explain and reconcile the difference between the bank balance shown in the cash book (bank column) and the balance shown in the bank statement on the same date.Banking BasicsBank and Financial Institution (BFI)BFIबैंक तथा वित्तीय संस्थाA public limited company licensed by Nepal Rastra Bank under the Bank and Financial Institution Act, 2073 to carry out banking and financial transactions such as accepting deposits and lending.Banking BasicsBank for International SettlementsBISअन्तर्राष्ट्रिय फर्स्यौट बैंकThe BIS is an international financial institution owned by central banks that supports their pursuit of monetary and financial stability through international cooperation and acts as a bank for central banks.InstitutionsBanking Offenceबैंकिङ कसुरA banking offence is an act prohibited by the Banking Offence and Punishment Act, 2064, such as opening accounts or withdrawing money without authority, misusing loans or forging bank documents, which harms the banking and financial system.Risk & ComplianceBanking Secrecyबैंकिङ गोपनीयताThe legal duty of a BFI to keep its relationship with customers and their accounts, ledgers and records confidential, except where the law requires disclosure.Banking BasicsBase Rateआधार दरThe base rate is the minimum reference interest rate of a bank, worked out from its cost of funds and regulatory costs, on which the bank adds a premium to price its loans.Loans & CreditBasel Committee on Banking SupervisionBCBSबासेल बैंकिङ सुपरिवेक्षण समितिThe international standard setter for the prudential regulation of banks, hosted by the Bank for International Settlements in Basel, Switzerland. It issued Basel I, II and III.Capital & BaselBasel Iबासेल १The first international capital standard, agreed by the Basel Committee in 1988, requiring banks to hold capital of at least 8% of risk-weighted assets, mainly for credit risk.Capital & BaselBasel IIबासेल २The revised capital framework released by the Basel Committee in June 2004 that made capital more risk-sensitive and organised regulation into three pillars.Capital & BaselBasel IIIबासेल ३The Basel Committee's post-2008 reform package that raises the quality and quantity of bank capital, adds capital buffers and a leverage ratio, and introduces global liquidity standards (LCR and NSFR).Capital & BaselBasic Indicator ApproachBIAआधारभूत सूचक विधिThe simplest Basel method for operational risk capital, in which the charge is a fixed percentage of the bank's average annual gross income over the previous three years.Capital & BaselBearer Chequeधारक चेक (बियरर चेक)A cheque payable to whoever presents it ("pay ... or bearer"), which can be transferred simply by handing it over.Cheques & InstrumentsBehavioural Bankingव्यवहार बैंकिङAn approach to banking that designs products, communication and service around how customers actually think and behave, so as to build trust and a good customer experience.Banking BasicsBeneficial OwnerBOवास्तविक धनीA beneficial owner is the natural person who ultimately owns or controls a customer or on whose behalf a transaction is carried out, even if the account is in another person's or a company's name.Risk & ComplianceBid Bondबोलपत्र जमानतA bid bond is a bank guarantee submitted with a tender that compensates the procuring entity if the bidder withdraws its bid or refuses to sign the contract after being selected.Forex & Trade FinanceBill Collectionबिल संकलनA service in which a bank, acting as agent of its customer, presents bills, cheques or documents to the paying party and collects the proceeds, without paying the customer in advance.Cheques & InstrumentsBill of Exchangeविनिमेयपत्रA signed written instrument containing an unconditional order by one person to another to pay a certain sum, on a fixed date, after a fixed period or on demand, to a specified person, that person's order, or the bearer (NI Act, 2034, Section 2(छ)).Cheques & InstrumentsBill of LadingB/Lबिल अफ लेडिङA bill of lading is a document issued by a carrier acknowledging receipt of goods for shipment, evidencing the contract of carriage and serving as a document of title to the goods.Forex & Trade FinanceBills Purchase and Discountingबिल्स खरिद तथा डिस्काउन्टिङBills purchase and discounting is short-term finance in which the bank pays a customer the value of a bill of exchange or trade bill before its due date, after deducting interest (the discount), and collects the full amount on maturity.Loans & CreditBlacklistingकालोसूचीBlacklisting is the listing of a defaulting borrower, and related parties, in the Credit Information Bureau's blacklist, which bars them from getting new loans from any bank or financial institution.Loans & CreditBondबन्ड (ऋणपत्र)A bond is a debt security in which the issuer borrows money from investors and promises to pay periodic interest (coupon) and repay the face value at maturity.Economy & MarketsBonus Shareबोनस शेयरA bonus share is a free additional share given to existing shareholders by capitalising the company's accumulated profits or reserves, in proportion to their holdings.Economy & MarketsBranchless BankingBLBशाखारहित बैंकिङProvision of basic banking services such as deposits, withdrawals and transfers outside a conventional branch, usually through agents using cards and POS terminals in areas without bank branches.Banking BasicsBreak-even PointBEPसमच्छेद बिन्दुThe break-even point is the level of sales at which total revenue equals total cost, so there is neither profit nor loss.Profitability & Financial AnalysisBusiness Continuity Plan and Disaster RecoveryBCP/DRव्यवसाय निरन्तरता योजना तथा विपद् पुनर्लाभA business continuity plan sets out how a bank keeps critical services running during disruptions such as earthquakes, fires, pandemics or system failures; disaster recovery covers restoring IT systems and data, usually from a backup site.Risk & ComplianceC-ASBAC-ASBAसी-आस्बाC-ASBA (Centralized Application Supported by Blocked Amount) is CDSC's centralized system through which investors apply for public share issues, with the application amount blocked in their bank account until allotment.Payments & Digital BankingCAMELS RatingCAMELSक्यामेल्स मूल्याङ्कनCAMELS is a supervisory rating system that assesses a bank on Capital adequacy, Asset quality, Management, Earnings, Liquidity and Sensitivity to market risk.Profitability & Financial AnalysisCDS and Clearing LimitedCDSCसीडीएस एन्ड क्लियरिङ लिमिटेडCDS and Clearing Ltd is Nepal's central securities depository, which holds shares and bonds in electronic (demat) form and clears and settles trades made on NEPSE.InstitutionsCall Depositकल निक्षेपA deposit payable on demand or at very short notice that earns a small interest; in Nepal it is mostly used by institutions to park surplus funds and cannot be operated by cheque.Deposits & AccountsCancelled Chequeरद्द गरिएको चेकA cheque marked as cancelled, usually with two lines and the word "CANCELLED" across it, so that it cannot be used for payment; often used only to show account details.Cheques & InstrumentsCapital Conservation BufferCCBपुँजी संरक्षण बफरAn extra layer of Common Equity Tier 1 capital that banks must hold above the regulatory minimum in normal times so that it can be drawn down during stress.Capital & BaselCapital Marketपुँजी बजारThe capital market is the market for long-term funds, where shares, debentures, bonds and mutual fund units with maturities above one year are issued and traded.Economy & MarketsCard Schemeकार्ड स्किमA card scheme is a payment network, such as Visa, Mastercard, UnionPay or a domestic scheme, that sets the rules and provides the infrastructure linking card issuers and acquirers.Payments & Digital BankingCard Skimmingकार्ड स्किमिङCard skimming is a fraud in which criminals use a hidden device to copy card data, and often a camera or fake keypad to capture the PIN, at an ATM or POS.Payments & Digital BankingCardless Withdrawalकार्डरहित नगद निकासीCardless withdrawal lets a customer take cash from an ATM without a physical card by authorising the withdrawal through mobile banking, connectIPS or a wallet and entering a one-time code at the ATM.Payments & Digital Banking