Acquiring Bank

In a card or QR payment there are two banks on either side of the network. The issuing bank serves the payer; the acquiring bank serves the payee (merchant).

The acquirer's roles include:

• Signing up and verifying merchants (merchant KYC and risk assessment).
• Installing POS terminals, providing QR codes or integrating payment gateways.
• Routing transaction requests to the card network or switch for authorisation by the issuer.
• Receiving funds in settlement and crediting the merchant, after deducting the merchant discount rate.
• Handling disputes and chargebacks on the merchant side.

The acquirer takes on merchant risk. If a merchant commits fraud or goes out of business after taking payments for undelivered goods, chargebacks fall on the acquirer, which then tries to recover from the merchant. This is why acquirers monitor merchants' transaction patterns.

In Nepal, banks act as acquirers for POS and QR merchants, often alongside PSOs and PSPs that provide QR networks and gateways.

कार्ड वा क्युआर भुक्तानीमा नेटवर्कका दुई छेउमा दुई बैंक हुन्छन्: जारीकर्ता बैंक भुक्तानीकर्ताको र प्राप्तकर्ता बैंक व्यापारीको।

प्राप्तकर्ताको काम: व्यापारी दर्ता र KYC, POS/क्युआर/गेटवे उपलब्ध गराउने, कारोबार नेटवर्क वा स्विचमार्फत जारीकर्तामा पठाउने, फर्छ्यौटमा रकम पाई MDR कटाएर व्यापारीलाई दिने र व्यापारीतर्फका विवाद तथा चार्जब्याक व्यवस्थापन गर्ने।

व्यापारीले ठगी गरे वा सामान नदिई बन्द भए चार्जब्याकको भार प्राप्तकर्ता बैंकमा पर्छ, त्यसैले व्यापारीको कारोबार अनुगमन गरिन्छ। नेपालमा बैंकहरू POS र क्युआर व्यापारीका प्राप्तकर्ता हुन्छन्।