Merchant Discount RateMDR

When a customer pays Rs 1,000 by card, the merchant does not receive the full Rs 1,000. The acquiring bank deducts the MDR before crediting the merchant's account.

The MDR is shared among the parties in the payment chain:

• Interchange fee: paid by the acquirer to the issuing bank, compensating it for issuing the card, bearing risk and funding any interest-free period.
• Scheme or network fee: paid to the card network or switch.
• Acquirer margin: retained by the acquiring bank for providing terminals, processing and settlement.

MDR levels depend on card type (debit cards usually lower than credit cards), whether the card is domestic or international, merchant category and transaction volume. QR-based payments typically carry lower or zero MDR to promote adoption.

Regulators, including NRB, may cap or set MDR and interchange for domestic transactions as part of promoting digital payments, since high fees discourage small merchants from accepting electronic payments.

ग्राहकले कार्डबाट रु १,००० तिर्दा व्यापारीले पूरा रकम पाउँदैन; प्राप्तकर्ता बैंकले MDR कटाएर खातामा जम्मा गर्छ।

MDR को बाँडफाँट:

• इन्टरचेन्ज शुल्क: प्राप्तकर्ता बैंकले जारीकर्ता बैंकलाई।
• स्किम/नेटवर्क शुल्क: कार्ड नेटवर्क वा स्विचलाई।
• प्राप्तकर्ता मार्जिन: टर्मिनल, प्रशोधन र फर्छ्यौट सेवाबापत प्राप्तकर्ता बैंकलाई।

कार्डको प्रकार, स्वदेशी/अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय, व्यापारीको वर्ग र कारोबार परिमाणअनुसार MDR फरक हुन्छ; क्युआर भुक्तानीमा प्रायः कम वा शून्य हुन्छ। डिजिटल भुक्तानी प्रवर्द्धन गर्न नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंक जस्ता नियामकले स्वदेशी कारोबारको MDR र इन्टरचेन्जमा सीमा तोक्न सक्छन्।