Asset (Money) Laundering Prevention Act, 2064MLPA

Purpose: To prevent laundering of proceeds of crime and the financing of terrorist activities. Authenticated 2064/10/14 (Act No. 24 of 2064).

Structure: Chapters 1-8 with added Chapters 3A, 3B, 6A and 6B.

Key provisions:

• Section 3: prohibits laundering of assets; Section 4: prohibits financing of terrorist activities.
• Section 6: no anonymous or fictitious accounts; Section 7: no shell banks.
• Sections 7A-7J: customer identification (KYC/CDD), including beneficial owners, simplified and enhanced due diligence, PEPs and ongoing monitoring.
• Section 7L: wire transfers; Section 7M: cross-border correspondent banking.
• Section 7R: record keeping; Section 7S: suspicious transaction reporting.
• Sections 7T-7V: regulators supervise reporting entities and can act against them.
• Section 9: Financial Information Unit set up as a department within NRB with functional independence to receive and analyse STRs.
• Section 11: Department of Money Laundering Investigation under the Government.

Amendments: 2068 (first), 2070 (second), 2072, 2075, the 2080 Act on preventing money laundering and promoting the business environment, and the Third Amendment 2083.

Banks file STRs and TTRs to the FIU in NRB, keep KYC records and apply customer due diligence to comply with this Act.

उद्देश्य: अपराधजन्य कार्यबाट प्राप्त सम्पत्तिको शुद्धीकरण र आतङ्कवादी क्रियाकलापमा वित्तीय लगानी रोक्ने। प्रमाणीकरण २०६४।१०।१४।

मुख्य व्यवस्था:

• दफा ३: सम्पत्ति शुद्धीकरण गर्न नहुने; दफा ४: आतङ्कवादी क्रियाकलापमा वित्तीय लगानी गर्न नहुने।
• दफा ६: बेनामी वा काल्पनिक खाता नखोल्ने; दफा ७: सेल बैङ्क नहुने।
• दफा ७क-७ञ: ग्राहक पहिचान, वास्तविक धनी, सरलीकृत र वर्धित पहिचान, उच्च पदस्थ व्यक्ति, निरन्तर अनुगमन।
• दफा ७द: अभिलेख संरक्षण; दफा ७ध: शंकास्पद कारोबारको प्रतिवेदन।
• दफा ९: राष्ट्र बैङ्कभित्र कार्यगत स्वायत्तता सहितको वित्तीय जानकारी इकाई।
• दफा ११: सम्पत्ति शुद्धीकरण अनुसन्धान विभाग।

संशोधन: २०६८, २०७०, २०७२, २०७५, २०८० र तेस्रो संशोधन २०८३।

बैङ्कहरूले यसै ऐन अनुसार ग्राहक पहिचान गर्ने, अभिलेख राख्ने र वित्तीय जानकारी इकाईमा शंकास्पद तथा सीमा कारोबारको प्रतिवेदन पठाउने गर्छन्।