Negotiable Instruments Act, 2034NI Act

Purpose: To regulate banking business by defining negotiable instruments and related matters. Lalmohar 2034/09/18 (Act No. 26 of 2034).

Structure: 9 chapters including negotiable instruments and parties' rights, presentment, payment and discharge, notice of dishonour, crossed cheques (Chapter 8) and miscellaneous; Sections 1-109.

Key provisions:

• Section 2: definitions: negotiable instrument means a promissory note and a bill of exchange; also defines bank, banker and negotiation.
• Chapter 4: presentment for acceptance and payment.
• Chapter 6: notice of dishonour.
• Chapter 8: crossed cheques.
• Section 107: compensation on dishonour: amount plus costs, and interest for an endorser who pays.
• Section 108: a suit on a negotiable instrument must be filed within five years of the cause of action.
• Section 107A (criminal liability for cheque dishonour, added in 2039) was repealed by the Banking Offence and Punishment (Second Amendment) Act, 2082; cheque bounce is now dealt with under Section 3A of that Act.

Cheque handling, crossing, endorsement and the bank's protection when paying in due course all rest on this Act; criminal cheque bounce cases moved to BOPA in 2082.

उद्देश्य: बैङ्किङ कारोबारलाई सुव्यवस्थित गर्न विनिमेय अधिकारपत्रको परिभाषा र सम्बन्धित व्यवस्था गर्ने। लालमोहर २०३४।०९।१८।

संरचना: ९ परिच्छेद, दफा १ देखि १०९।

मुख्य व्यवस्था:

• दफा २: विनिमेय अधिकारपत्र भन्नाले प्रतिज्ञापत्र र विनिमयपत्र; बैङ्क, बैङ्कर, विनिमेयको परिभाषा।
• परिच्छेद ४: प्रस्तुतीकरण; परिच्छेद ६: अनादरको सूचना; परिच्छेद ८: रेखाङ्कित चेक।
• दफा १०७: अनादरमा क्षतिपूर्ति निर्धारण।
• दफा १०८: कारण परेको पाँच वर्षभित्र मुद्दा दायर गर्नुपर्ने।
• दफा १०७क बैङ्किङ्ग कसूर तथा सजाय (दोस्रो संशोधन) ऐन, २०८२ द्वारा खारेज; चेक अनादर अब सो ऐनको दफा ३क अन्तर्गत।

चेकको भुक्तानी, रेखाङ्कन र दरपीठ यही ऐनले निर्देशित गर्छ; चेक अनादरको फौजदारी मुद्दा २०८२ देखि बैङ्किङ्ग कसूर तथा सजाय ऐनमा सरेको छ।