Real Time Gross SettlementRTGS
वास्तविक समय सकल फर्छ्यौट
NRB rules
NRB limit: Fee per RTGS transaction: Rs 10 in the morning exchange period, Rs 20 in the afternoon, Rs 100 in the evening
NRB Payment System Unified Directive 2082, Directive 5/082 · applies from . Limits change with each monetary policy and directive, so check the latest notice before the exam.
RTGS is a funds transfer system in which high-value and urgent payments between banks are settled individually and immediately in central bank money.
Explained
'Real time' means each payment is processed as soon as it is submitted, and 'gross' means each transaction is settled on its own rather than netted with others. Settlement takes place across the participants' accounts at the central bank, so it is final and irrevocable once completed, removing settlement risk.
In Nepal, the RTGS system is implemented and hosted by Nepal Rastra Bank and was formally inaugurated in September 2019. Nepal Clearing House Limited provides connectRTGS, the gateway through which banks connect their core banking systems to NRB's RTGS. The system processes high-value and urgent interbank and customer transfers, and it also settles the net positions of other payment systems such as ECC and IPS, which makes it the backbone of the national payment system.
Commercial banks joined in the first phase, with development banks and finance companies to follow as they are given access. NRB sets the operating hours, fees and the transaction value bands for which RTGS is used.
In Nepal
NRB operates RTGS; NCHL's connectRTGS links banks' core systems to it. It settles high-value interbank transfers and the net positions of ECC and IPS. NRB sets the RTGS fee by exchange period: Rs 10 per transaction in the morning session, Rs 20 in the afternoon session and Rs 100 in the evening session. Under NRB's notice of 2083/01/14 (April 2026), RTGS runs Monday to Friday from 8:00 to 20:00, or 8:00 to 19:00 from Kartik 16 to Magh 15, and on Sundays from 10:00 to 12:00 only to settle payment system operators' transactions.
बैंकहरूबीचका ठूला र जरुरी भुक्तानीलाई केन्द्रीय बैंकको खातामा एक-एक गरी तत्कालै फर्छ्यौट गर्ने रकमान्तर प्रणालीलाई RTGS भनिन्छ।
व्याख्या
'वास्तविक समय' भनेको भुक्तानी पेस हुनासाथ प्रक्रिया हुने र 'सकल' भनेको प्रत्येक कारोबार अरूसँग नजोडी (netting नगरी) छुट्टाछुट्टै फर्छ्यौट हुने हो। फर्छ्यौट केन्द्रीय बैंकमा रहेका सहभागीका खातामा हुने भएकाले अन्तिम र अपरिवर्तनीय हुन्छ।
नेपालमा RTGS नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकले सञ्चालन गर्छ र सेप्टेम्बर २०१९ (असोज २०७६) मा औपचारिक उद्घाटन भएको थियो। नेपाल क्लियरिङ हाउसको connectRTGS मार्फत बैंकहरूको कोर बैंकिङ प्रणाली RTGS सँग जोडिन्छ। यसले ठूला र जरुरी भुक्तानीका साथै ECC र IPS जस्ता प्रणालीको खुद स्थिति पनि फर्छ्यौट गर्छ। सञ्चालन समय, शुल्क र कारोबार सीमा नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकले तोक्छ।
नेपालमा
RTGS नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकले सञ्चालन गर्छ र नेपाल क्लियरिङ हाउसको connectRTGS ले बैंकलाई जोड्छ; यसले ठूला अन्तरबैंक भुक्तानी र ECC/IPS को खुद स्थिति फर्छ्यौट गर्छ। राष्ट्र बैंकले आरटीजीएस शुल्क कारोबार समयअनुसार तोकेको छ: बिहानको सत्रमा प्रतिकारोबार रु १०, दिउँसोको सत्रमा रु २० र साँझको सत्रमा रु १००। राष्ट्र बैंकको मिति २०८३/०१/१४ को सूचनाअनुसार आरटीजीएस प्रणाली सोमबारदेखि शुक्रबारसम्म बिहान ८ बजेदेखि बेलुका ८ बजेसम्म, कात्तिक १६ देखि माघ १५ सम्म बिहान ८ बजेदेखि बेलुका ७ बजेसम्म, तथा आइतबार भुक्तानी प्रणाली सञ्चालकका कारोबारको फर्स्यौटका लागि बिहान १० बजेदेखि दिउँसो १२ बजेसम्म मात्र सञ्चालन हुन्छ।
Related
Sources
- NRB Payment System Unified Directive 2082, Directive 5/082 (limits and fees)Nepal Rastra Bank
- Sharesansar: NRB officially launches Real Time Gross Settlement SystemArticle
- Sharesansar: NCHL rolls out connectRTGSArticle
- NCHL: Services We ProvideArticle
- Wikipedia: Real-time gross settlementArticle
- NRB Payment Systems Department notice on RTGS operating hours (2083/01/14)Nepal Rastra Bank
In the syllabus: NBL/RBB/ADBL L4 III 7.2
Updated