SWIFTSWIFT

SWIFT stands for the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication. It was founded in 1973 in Brussels and is headquartered in La Hulpe, Belgium. It is owned by its member banks and institutions.

SWIFT carries messages, not money. It does not hold accounts or funds and does not clear or settle transactions. When a Nepali bank sends a telegraphic transfer abroad, the SWIFT message instructs the correspondent bank to debit or credit an account; the actual movement of funds happens across nostro and vostro accounts and the relevant settlement systems.

SWIFT messages follow standard formats. The traditional MT series includes, for example, MT103 for a single customer credit transfer, MT202 for bank-to-bank transfers and MT700 for issuing a documentary credit; the industry is migrating to ISO 20022 (MX) messages. Each participant is identified by a Business Identifier Code (BIC), commonly called a SWIFT code.

In Nepal, banks use SWIFT for foreign remittances, LCs, guarantees and correspondent banking, and NRB also uses it for its international transactions.

SWIFT को पूरा रूप Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication हो। यो सन् १९७३ मा ब्रसेल्समा स्थापना भएको र मुख्यालय बेल्जियमको ला हुल्पेमा रहेको सदस्य बैंकहरूको स्वामित्वको संस्था हो।

SWIFT ले रकम होइन, सन्देश पठाउँछ। यसले खाता वा रकम राख्दैन र फर्छ्यौट गर्दैन। नेपाली बैंकले विदेश TT पठाउँदा SWIFT सन्देशले संवाददाता बैंकलाई खाता डेबिट/क्रेडिट गर्न निर्देशन दिन्छ; वास्तविक रकम नस्ट्रो/भस्ट्रो खातामार्फत सर्छ।

मानक सन्देश: MT103 (ग्राहक रकमान्तर), MT202 (बैंकबीच रकमान्तर), MT700 (प्रतीतपत्र जारी); अहिले ISO 20022 तर्फ सर्दैछ। प्रत्येक सहभागीको पहिचान BIC (SWIFT कोड) ले हुन्छ। नेपालका बैंकले विदेशी विप्रेषण, प्रतीतपत्र र जमानतमा SWIFT प्रयोग गर्छन्।