Remittance

Remittances can be inward (received from abroad) or outward (sent abroad), and domestic or international. In Nepal the term usually means workers' remittances sent by Nepalis employed abroad, particularly in Gulf countries, Malaysia and other destinations.

Channels include banks (through SWIFT and correspondent relationships), licensed remittance companies that operate through agent networks and partner banks, and digital channels such as web-based and app-based remittance. Formal channels are encouraged; informal transfers through hundi are illegal and are a key AML/CFT concern.

In Nepal, remittance companies require a licence from NRB under the Foreign Exchange (Regulation) Act and NRB's foreign exchange directives, and must follow KYC, AML/CFT and reporting requirements. Beneficiaries can receive cash from agents or have funds credited to bank accounts and wallets.

Remittance is a major source of foreign exchange for Nepal. It finances imports, builds foreign exchange reserves, supports the balance of payments and boosts household consumption and bank deposits. Its economic impact and the dependency it creates are common exam topics.

NRB's Foreign Exchange Management Department licenses and regulates remittance companies; remittance inflows are a key line in NRB's balance of payments statistics.

विप्रेषण भित्रिने (विदेशबाट प्राप्त) वा बाहिरिने (विदेश पठाइने) र स्वदेशी वा अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय हुन सक्छ। नेपालमा सामान्यतया खाडी मुलुक, मलेसिया लगायतका देशमा कार्यरत नेपालीले पठाउने श्रमिक विप्रेषणलाई जनाउँछ।

माध्यम: बैंक (SWIFT र संवाददाता सम्बन्ध), एजेन्ट सञ्जाल र साझेदार बैंकमार्फत काम गर्ने इजाजतप्राप्त विप्रेषण कम्पनी, र वेब/एपमा आधारित डिजिटल माध्यम। हुन्डी जस्तो अनौपचारिक माध्यम गैरकानुनी र AML/CFT को प्रमुख चिन्ता हो।

नेपालमा विप्रेषण कम्पनीले विदेशी विनिमय (नियमित गर्ने) ऐन र नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकको विदेशी विनिमय निर्देशनअन्तर्गत इजाजत लिनुपर्छ र KYC, AML/CFT र प्रतिवेदन दायित्व पालना गर्नुपर्छ। विप्रेषण विदेशी मुद्राको प्रमुख स्रोत हो, जसले आयात, विदेशी विनिमय सञ्चिति, शोधनान्तर स्थिति, उपभोग र बैंक निक्षेपमा ठूलो योगदान दिन्छ।

नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकको विदेशी विनिमय व्यवस्थापन विभागले विप्रेषण कम्पनीलाई इजाजत र नियमन गर्छ; विप्रेषण आप्रवाह नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकको शोधनान्तर तथ्याङ्कको प्रमुख अंश हो।