Post-shipment Finance

Once goods are shipped, the exporter holds documents but may wait weeks or months for payment, especially under usance LCs or DAA collections. Post-shipment finance bridges this gap.

Common forms:

• Negotiation of export documents under an LC: the bank pays the exporter against compliant documents and claims reimbursement from the issuing bank.
• Purchase or discounting of export bills under collections (DAP or DAA), where the bank pays the exporter in advance, usually with recourse.
• Advance against bills sent for collection.
• Forfaiting: purchase of medium-term export receivables, often guaranteed or avalised by the importer's bank, without recourse to the exporter.
• Export factoring: purchase of short-term receivables with credit protection and collection services.

Post-shipment finance often repays the pre-shipment packing credit. The bank's risk depends on whether the bill is backed by an LC and whether the finance is with or without recourse. Discrepant documents under an LC increase risk because the issuing bank is no longer bound to pay.

ढुवानीपछि निर्यातकर्तासँग कागजात हुन्छ तर म्यादी प्रतीतपत्र वा DAA मा भुक्तानी आउन हप्तौं/महिनौं लाग्न सक्छ; ढुवानीपश्चात् वित्तले यो अन्तर पूर्ति गर्छ।

प्रकार:

• प्रतीतपत्रअन्तर्गत निर्यात कागजातको वार्ता (negotiation): सर्तअनुरूप कागजातमा बैंकले निर्यातकर्तालाई भुक्तानी गरी जारीकर्ता बैंकबाट प्रतिपूर्ति माग्छ।
• निर्यात बिल खरिद/डिस्काउन्टिङ: सङ्कलन (DAP/DAA) अन्तर्गत, प्रायः recourse सहित।
• सङ्कलनमा पठाइएको बिलविरुद्ध अग्रिम।
• फरफेटिङ: मध्यमकालीन निर्यात प्राप्य रकम recourse बिना खरिद।
• निर्यात फ्याक्टरिङ।

यसले प्रायः प्याकिङ क्रेडिट चुक्ता गर्छ। प्रतीतपत्रमा कागजात त्रुटिपूर्ण भए जारीकर्ता बैंक भुक्तानी गर्न बाध्य नहुने भएकाले जोखिम बढ्छ।