Documents against PaymentDAP

In a documentary collection, banks act only as agents to collect payment; unlike an LC, they give no undertaking to pay.

The process:

1. The exporter ships the goods and hands the shipping documents (bill of lading, invoice, packing list and a sight bill of exchange) to the remitting bank with a collection instruction.
2. The remitting bank sends them to the collecting or presenting bank in the importer's country.
3. The presenting bank asks the importer to pay.
4. On payment, the bank hands over the documents, which the importer needs to clear the goods from customs, and remits the proceeds to the exporter.

DAP gives the exporter more security than open account, because the importer cannot take the goods without paying. However, the importer may refuse to pay, leaving the exporter to arrange return, storage or resale of goods abroad. Bank charges are lower than for an LC.

Documentary collections are governed internationally by the ICC's Uniform Rules for Collections (URC 522). In Nepal, imports through DAP are permitted under NRB's foreign exchange directives, subject to documentation and limits.

कागजाती सङ्कलनमा बैंकले भुक्तानी सङ्कलन गर्ने एजेन्टको काम मात्र गर्छ; प्रतीतपत्रजस्तो भुक्तानीको प्रतिबद्धता दिँदैन।

प्रक्रिया:

१. निर्यातकर्ताले सामान पठाई ढुवानी कागजात (बिल अफ लेडिङ, बीजक, प्याकिङ लिस्ट र दृष्टि विनिमय पत्र) सङ्कलन निर्देशनसहित आफ्नो बैंकमा बुझाउँछन्। २. उक्त बैंकले आयातकर्ताको देशको सङ्कलन/प्रस्तुतकर्ता बैंकमा पठाउँछ। ३. प्रस्तुतकर्ता बैंकले आयातकर्तालाई भुक्तानी गर्न भन्छ। ४. भुक्तानी भएपछि भन्सारबाट सामान छुटाउन चाहिने कागजात दिइन्छ र रकम निर्यातकर्तालाई पठाइन्छ।

खुला खाताभन्दा सुरक्षित भए पनि आयातकर्ताले भुक्तानी अस्वीकार गर्न सक्छन्। अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय रूपमा ICC को URC 522 लागू हुन्छ। नेपालमा DAP बाट आयात नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकको विदेशी विनिमय निर्देशनअनुसार हुन्छ।